Brief Description
One of the Three spicy things used
चरकसंहिता - सूत्रस्थानम् - २७. अन्नपानविध्यध्यायः
रोचनं दीपनं वृष्यमार्द्रकं विश्वभेषजम्| वातश्लेष्मविबन्धेषु रसस्तस्योपदिश्यते||१६६||
सुश्रुतसंहिता - सूत्रस्थानम् - ४६. अन्नपानविध्यध्यायः
नागरं कफवातघ्नं विपाके मधुरं कटु | वृष्योष्णं रोचनं हृद्यं सस्नेहं लघु दीपनम् ||२२६||
कफानिलहरं स्वर्यं विबन्धानाहशूलनुत् | कटूष्णं रोचनं हृद्यं वृष्यं चैवार्द्रकं स्मृतम् ||२२७||
लघूष्णं पाचनं हिङ्गु दीपनं कफवातजित् | कटु स्निग्धं सरं तीक्ष्णं शूलाजीर्णविबन्धनुत् ||२२८||
निबन्धसङ्ग्रह व्याख्या (डल्हण कृत)
नागरमित्यादि| सस्नेहमीषत्स्नेहम्| लघु आर्द्रकादिति बोद्धव्यम्| विबन्धानाहशूलनुदिति विबन्धो वाताद्यप्रवृत्तिः, आनाह उदरापूरः||२२६-२२८||
अष्टाङ्गसङ्ग्रहः - सूत्रस्थानम् - १२. द्विविधौषधविज्ञानीयः
नागरं दीपनं वृष्यं ग्राहि हृद्यं विबन्धनुत्| रुच्यं लघु स्वादुपाकं स्निग्धोष्णं कफवातजित्|
तद्वदार्द्रकमेतच्च त्रयं त्रिकटुकं जयेत्| स्थौल्याग्निसदनश्वासकासश्लीपदपीनसान्||३०||
सर्वाङ्गसुन्दरी व्याख्या
नागरं-श्रुङ्गबेरं, दीपनादिगुणयुक्तम्| ग्राहि-विड्विबन्धकृत्| तथा, हृद्यम्| विबन्धनुत्-स्रोतःशुद्धिकृत्|
आयुर्वेदरसायनम् व्याख्या
शुण्ठीगुणानाह-नागरमिति| नागरं-शुण्ठी| ग्राहि-मलानाम्| विबन्धनुतु-वायोः|
कैयदेवनिघण्टु - १. ओषधिवर्ग
कटुभद्रं शृङ्गवेरमार्द्रकं कटुकन्दकम् ||११५५||
तत्तुल्यमार्द्रकं विद्यात् सुतीक्ष्णं भेदनं गुरु | पाचनं रोचनं वृष्यं कटूष्णं वह्निदीपनम् ||११५६||
कफानिलहरं स्वर्यं विबन्धानाहशूलजित् | अङ्कुरं शृङ्गवेरस्य रक्तजित् श्लेष्मवातहा ||११५७||
अव्यक्तरसवीर्यत्वात् परमं तु कफापहम् | काञ्जिकार्द्रं सलवणं दीपनं पाचनं परम् ||११५८||
वातश्लेष्मविबन्धघ्नं विशेषादामवातनुत् | रोचनं दीपनं चापि शोफदोषहरं परम् ||११५९||
वातप्रकोपशमनं हर्षणं लवणार्द्रकम् | भक्षणं लवणार्द्रस्य हृद्यं वह्निप्रदीपनम् ||११६०||
भोजनाग्रे सदा पथ्यं जिह्वाकण्ठविशोधनम् | वातश्लेष्महरं रुच्यं दीपनं पाचनं परम् ||११६१||
निम्बुकस्य रसे क्षिप्तमार्द्रकं मुखशोधनम् |११६२|\
द्रव्यगुणसङ्ग्रह - ४. लवणादिवर्ग
आर्द्रकं रोचनं हृद्यं कटूष्णं वृष्यमेव च | कफानिलहरं स्वर्यं विबन्धानाहशूलनुत् ||११||
शुण्ठी तु कफवातघ्नी सस्नेहा लघुदीपनी | वृष्योष्णा रोचनी हृद्या विपाके मधुरा कटुः ||१२||
द्रव्यगुणसङ्ग्रहटीका व्याख्या (श्रीशिवदाससेन कृत)
आर्द्रकादीनामपि व्यञ्जनसंस्कारकत्वादत्रैव तद्गुणमाह– आर्द्रकमित्यादि||११-१२||
धन्वन्तरिनिघण्टु - २. शतपुष्पादिवर्ग
आर्द्रकं गुल्ममूलं च मूलजं कन्दलं वरम् | शृङ्गबेरं महीजं च सैकतेष्टमनूपजम् ||८९||
आपाकशाकमर्द्राख्यं राहुच्छत्रं सुशाककम् | शार्ङ्गं स्यदार्द्रशाकं च सच्छाकं मुनिभूह्वयम् ||९०||
कटूष्णामार्द्रकं हृद्यं विपाके शीतलं लघु | दीपनं रुचिदं शोफकफकण्ठामयापहम् ||९१||
कफानिलहरं स्वर्यं विबन्धानाहशूलजित् | कटूष्णं रोचनं वृष्यं हृद्यं चैवाऽऽर्द्रकं स्मृतम् ||९२||
निघण्टुशेष - २. गुल्मकाण्ड
आर्द्रके तु शृङ्गबेरं कटुभङ्गं कटूत्कटम् | शुण्ठी महौषधं विश्वा नागरं विश्वभेषजम् ||२०६||
निघण्टुशेषटीका व्याख्या (श्रीवल्लभगणि कृत)
अर्द गति-याचनयोःअर्द्यते आर्द्रम् चि-जि-शु-सि- [हैमोणादिसू. ३९२] इति रो दीर्घश्च, आर्द्रमेव आर्द्रकम्, पुं-क्लीबलिङ्गः, तत्र| शृणाति रसनां शृङ्गबेरम्, शतेरादयः [हैमोणादिसू. ४३२] इति केरे निपात्यते| कटुः-क्षारः भङ्गोऽस्य तत् कटुभङ्गम्| कटुषु उत्कटम् कटूत्कटम्| शुण्ठति-शुष्यति शुण्ठिः किलि-पिलि- [हैमोणादिसू. ६०८] इति इः, ङ्यां शुण्ठी| महच्च तदौषधं च महौषधम्| “विशन्त् प्रवेशने” विशति दोषान् विश्वा, स्त्री-क्लीबलिङ्गः, निघृषि- [हैमोणादिसू. ५११] इति किद् वः| नगराख्ये देशे भवं नागरम्, “भवे” [सिद्ध. ६.३.१२३] इत्यण्; गॄत् निगरणे न न गिरति कफमिति वा, नखादित्वात् साधुः, पृषोदरादित्वाद् दीर्घः| विश्वस्य भेषजं विश्वभेषजम्, अनेकदोषजित्त्वात्| आह च–
शुण्ठी महौषधं विश्वा नागरं विश्वभेषजम्|
विश्वौषधं शृङ्गवेरं कटुभङ्गं तथाऽऽर्द्रकम्|| [धन्व. वर्ग २ श्लो. ८२] इति|
शुण्ठीनामानि| लोके तु सूण्ठि इति प्रसिद्धिः||२०६||
भावप्रकाश-पूर्वखण्ड-मिश्रप्रकरण - २. हरीतक्यादिवर्ग
आर्द्रकं शृङ्गवेरं स्यात्कटुभद्रं तथार्द्रिका | आर्द्रिका भेदिनी गुर्वी तीक्ष्णोष्णा दीपनी मता |
कटुका मधुरा पाके रूक्षा वातकफापहा | ये गुणाः कथिताः शुण्ठ्यास्तेऽपि सन्त्यार्द्रकेऽखिलाः ||४६||
भोजनाग्रे सदा पथ्यं लवणार्द्रकभक्षणम् | अग्निसन्दीपनं रुच्यं जिह्वाकण्ठविशोधनम् ||४७||
कुष्ठपाण्ड्वामये कृच्छ्रे रक्तपित्ते व्रणे ज्वरे | दाहे निदाघशरदोर्नैव पूजितमार्द्रकम् ||४८||
मदनपालनिघण्टु - २. शुण्ठ्यादिवर्ग
आर्द्रकं शृङ्गवेरं तन्महौषधमुदाहृतम् | आर्द्रकं नागरगुणं भेदनं दीपनं गुरु ||५||
कटूष्णं दीपनं वृष्यं रुच्यमार्दकनागरम् | श्वासकासवमीहिक्कवातश्लेष्मविबन्धनुत् ||६||
पाचनं रोचनं वृष्यं कटूष्णं वह्निदीपनम् | वातप्रकोपशमनं पाचनं शोथहृत्परम् ||७||
भोजनादौ सदा पथ्यं जिह्वाकण्ठविशोधनम् |अव्यक्तरसवीर्यत्वात्तत्परं तु कफापहम् ||८||
काञ्जिकार्द्रं सलवणं दीपनं पाचनं परम् | वातप्रकोपशमनं हर्षणं लवणार्द्रकम् ||९||
राजनिघण्टु - ६. पिप्पल्यादिवर्ग
आर्द्रकं गुल्ममूलं च मूलजं कन्दलं वरम् | शृङ्गवेरं महीजं च सैकतेष्टमनूपजम् ||२७||
अपाकशाकं चाऽऽर्द्राख्यं राहुच्छत्रं सुशाककम् |शार्ङ्गं स्यादार्द्रशाकश्च सुशाकं मुनिभूह्वयम् ||२८||
कटूष्णमार्द्रकं हृद्यं विपाके शीतलं लघु | दीपनं रुचिदं शोफकफकण्ठामयापहम् ||२९||
राजवल्लभनिघण्टु - ३. माध्याह्निकपरिच्छेद
आर्द्रकं कफवातघ्नं विबन्धानाहशूलनुत् ||४४६||
सरस्वतीनिघण्टु - ५. चन्दनादिवर्ग
शुण्ठी च चित्रकं कोलं शृङ्गवेरं महौषधम् | भेषजं नागरं विश्वमु(मू)षणं विश्वभेषजम् ||५०||
आर्द्रकं शृङ्गवेरं च विज्ञेयं चार्द्रनागरम् |५१|
सोढलनिघण्टु - गुणसङ्ग्रह (द्वितीय भाग) - २. शतपुष्पादिवर्ग
आर्द्रकं दीपनं हृद्यं स्वादुपाकं रुचिप्रदम् | स्निग्धं कटुरसं स्वर्यं विबन्धानाहशूलनुत् ||३०६||
उष्णं वृष्यतमं प्रोक्तं कफवातामयापहम् |
Neral
Sesquiterpenes
Beta sesquiphellandrene
Betabisabolene
Arcurcumene
Alphazingiberene
Gingerols
Shogaol
Diarylheptenone
Diterpenes
Gingesulphonic acid
Monoacyldigalactosyl glycerol
| Sl.No | Raw Material | Variant | Ratio | Quantity Required for 1000g | Unit |
|---|
| Rasa | कटु - Katu - Pungent मधुर - Madhura - Sweet |
|---|---|
| Guna | गुरु गुणम् - Guru gunam - Drug action which induces heaviness तीक्ष्णम् - Tikshnam - Drug action which irritates body by its Pungent quality उष्णं गुणम् - Ushna Gunam - Drug action which imparts heat श्लक्ष्ण गुणम् - Shlakshna Gunam - Drug property which imparts smoothness द्रव गुणम् - Dravagunam - Drug action which imparts liquid state मृदु गुणम् - Mrudu Gunam - Drug action which imparts softness सर गुण - Saraguna - Drug action which imparts movement सूक्ष्म गुणम् - Sukshma Gunam - Drug property by virtue of which molecules of drug can eneter into minutetst spaces of body विशद गुणम् - Vishada Gunam - Drug action which cleanses the body रूक्ष गुणम् - Ruksha Gunam - Drug action which imparts dryness |
| Veerya | Ushna veerya |
| Vipaka | Madhura |
| Prabhava | दीपनपाचनम् - Deepanapachanam - Drug action which amplifies metabolism and scavenges metabolic wastes |
| Anupanam | रोगोपशमन अनुपानम् - Anupana according to the diseases. | modal-content
| Sl.No. | Disease Factor | Name of the combination | Form of the combination | Reference | Combination products | Procedure |
|---|
| Disease Factors |
|---|
| Serial Number | Title | Result |
| 1 | Some phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological properties of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe): A review of recent research | The main pharmacological actions of ginger and compounds isolated therefrom include immuno-modulatory, anti-tumorigenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-lipidemic and anti-emetic actions. Ginger is a strong anti-oxidant substance and may either mitigate or prevent generation of free radicals. It is considered a safe herbal medicine with only few and insignificant adverse/side effects. |
| 2 | Antioxidant activity of a ginger extract (Zingiber officinale) | The ginger extract inhibited the hydroxyl radicals 79.6% at 37 °C and 74.8% at 80 °C, which showed a higher antioxidant activity than quercetin. The IC50 concentration for inhibiting OHradical dot at 37 °C was slower than that at 80 °C – 1.90 and 2.78 μg/ml, respectively. The ginger extract chelated Fe3+ in the solution. |
| 3 | Ginger (Zingiber officinale): A review | Ginger is used worldwide as a cooking spice, condiment and herbal remedy. Ginger is used extensively in Ayurveda, the traditional medicine of India to block excessive clotting (that is, heart disease), reduce cholesterol and fight arthritis. In Arabian medicine, ginger is considered an aphrodisiac. The Eclectic physicians of the 19th century relied on ginger to induce sweating, improve the appetite and curb nausea, and as a topical counterirritant. Nowadays, ginger is extensively cultivated from Asia to Africa and the Caribbean, and is used worldwide as a nausea remedy, as an anti-spasmodic and to promote warming in case of chills as presented in this report. Ginger is also extensively consumed as a flavoring agent; it is estimated that in India, the average daily consumption is 8 to 10 g of fresh ginger root. Moreover, the German Commission E has approved the use of ginger root as a treatment for dyspepsia and prophylactic against motion sickness. |
| 4 | Medicinal properties of Zingiber officinale Roscoe - A Review | Ginger has a number of chemical responsible to provide different medicinal properties such as cardio-protective, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anticancer properties, etc |
| 5 | Zingiber officinale:a natural gold | The ginger bears an enormous number of pharmacological activities such as Cardio protective activity, Anti inflammatory activity, Antimicrobial activity, Antioxidant property, Antiproliferative activity, Neuroprotective activity and Hepatoprotective activities which have been proved. Among those, Neuroprotective activity as well as effect of ginger in colon cancer has facilitated the extent of the further research with a positive outcome. Since there is no good medicine till now for the treatment of these diseases, so researches may do a lot of research on ginger for finding out less toxic and more potent drugs for the better treatment of those diseases. We hope this review will facilitate all about the past scientific research and the necessary information about the enormous pharmacological activities of ginger to pharmaceutical’s researchers which will insist them for advanced research to protect human beings from several types of diseases and by this way ginger may serves as a natural gold for the promotion of mankind. |
| 6 | Bioactive Compounds and Bioactivities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) | The health benefits of ginger are mainly attributed to its phenolic compounds, such as gingerols and shogaols. Accumulated investigations have demonstrated that ginger possesses multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, cardiovascular protective, respiratory protective, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antinausea, and antiemetic activities. |
| 7 | Medicinal properties of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) | After extensive pharmacological studies, it has been concluded that ginger has significant anti inflammatory, anti-emetic and chemo-protective effects. |
| 8 | A review of the gastroprotective effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) | Ginger is also shown to be effective in preventing gastric ulcers induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs like indomethacin, aspirin], reserpine, ethanol, stress (hypothermic and swimming), acetic acid and Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric ulcerations in laboratory animals. Various preclinical and clinical studies have also shown ginger to possess anti-emetic effects against different emetogenic stimuli.Ginger has been shown to possess free radical scavenging, antioxidant; inhibition of lipid peroxidation and that these properties might have contributed to the observed gastroprotective effects. |
| 9 | Effects of Zingiber Officinale on Reproductive Functions in the Male Rat |
The treatment caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in the weight of the testis and epididymis. There were dose and duration dependent increases in sperm count and motility (P<0.05). There was also a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum testosterone level. Malonhydialdehyde levels were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Our results indicated that extract of Zingiber Officinale possesses pro-fertility properties in male rats which might be a product of both its potent antioxidant properties and androgenic activities. |
| 10 | Zingiber officinale Rosc. essential oil, a review on its composition and bioactivity | Ginger oil is extracted from Z. officinale rhizomes, which its chemical composition influences from geographical region, extraction methods, freshness or dryness of rhizomes. The antibacterial, antifungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcer, immunomodulatory, relaxant, and warming effects of ginger oil have been confirmed in experimental and preclinical studies. The safety issues of ginger oils are well documented and are generally regarded as safe. Due to wide pharmacological effects of ginger oil, attention to ginger oil as an ingredient of natural formulations in management of gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases is valuable. |
| 11 | Scholarly articles for research paper on zingiber officinale | Sevaral papers |
| Type | Operator | Value | Unit | Frequency | Duration | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Dosage | स्वरसम् - Svarasam - Juice | <= | 10 | ml | 6 times / day | 15 days | |
| Child Dosage | स्वरसम् - Svarasam - Juice | <= | 5 | ml | 6 times / day | 15 days |
